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Search for specimens: View all bournonite specimens from Herodsfoot Mine, Cornwall, UK
Herodsfoot Mine, also referred to as North Herodsfoot Mine, lies near Lanreath in the Liskeard district of south-east Cornwall, in the steep wooded valley system of the West Looe River. The mineâs recorded position is close to SX 212 600, and the village of Herodsfoot sits several miles southwest of Liskeard and north of Looe.
The deposit is a lead-silver-antimony vein system. The main Herodsfoot lode trends roughly north-south and was exploited for more than a kilometre along strike. It is generally described as a steep to sub-vertical vein or crosscourse-style structure carrying quartz, siderite, pyrite, and argentiferous galena, with sphalerite, baryte, and dolomite in vughs and accessory sulphosalts including bournonite and tetrahedrite-group minerals. The bournonite is the collectorâs glory of the mine; the working ore was principally lead with silver.
Mining at Herodsfoot goes back well before the classic specimen period. The lode had been worked by the early 1700s, and the mine was reopened in 1844 after a period of closure. When reopened, older workings were reportedly already hundreds of feet deep. The main deep-mining period ran through the 1840s to the 1880s, with Herodsfoot finally closing in the mid-1880s. During that working life the mine reached great depth for a Cornish lead-silver mine, with later accounts giving a depth of 215 fathoms, or about 1,290 feet.
The peak collector period for bournonite was narrower than the mineâs industrial life. The finest âcogwheel oreâ specimens are associated especially with the 1850s through early 1870s, and many dealer and museum descriptions refer to the classic production window as about 1850â1875 or, more tightly for the very best preserved historic pieces, the 1860s. The mine also produced famous tetrahedrite-group specimens, sometimes coated or associated with chalcopyrite, and these sit beside bournonite as the great Herodsfoot classics.
Collecting access is not a casual matter. The old mine site and dumps are private, wooded, historically complex, and potentially hazardous. Shafts, flooded workings, unstable masonry, concealed collapses, contaminated mine waste, and steep ground all require caution. Modern accounts from the site emphasize arranged group visits and permission-based searching rather than open public collecting. Any collector considering a visit should treat Herodsfoot as a heritage and safety-sensitive locality: obtain landowner permission, avoid shafts and underground openings, and do not assume that old mine dumps are free for removal.åç«å°ã¯ééåŸé·æéæ¯èŒçç¡å¹²æžã§ãã£ãããé¢å¿ãéããŠããŸããããæåŸ ã¯çŸå®çã§ããã¹ãã§ããèåãªæšæ¬ã¯çŸä»£ã®å¶ç¶ã® dump ç©ã§ã¯ãããŸããïŒãããã¯æŽ»çºãªæ¡æäžã«ææãªå°äžã®ãã¢ã«ã¯ãããã19äžçŽã®æšæ¬ååŒãžæ¥éã«åã蟌ãŸããŸãããçŸä»£ã® dump ææã¯ãæ°Žæ¶ãšå€§éã®ããŒã«ããã€ããé»éé±ãééç³ãé瀬ééé±ããŸãã¯ä»ã®æ®çç©ãå«ãå ŽåããããŸãããéå©ãª Cabinet åè³ªã®æ¯è»ã®ãããªã³ã°ãŠã§ãŒã«ã¯æŽå²çãªäœåã§ãããçŸä»£ã®çŸå Žã§ã®åŠ¥åœãªæåŸ ã«ã¯ãªããŸããã## Herodsfoot Mine, Cornwall, UKç£ããŒã³ã¯ãã€ãã®ç¹åŸŽ
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å質ã¯é²åºãã幟äœåŠã§å€æããŸããæãæãŸããHerodsfootæšæ¬ã¯ãå°ãªããšã1ã€ã®ãããã§èªã¿åãå¯èœãªæ¯è»ããéããšããžã®ãæ¯ããèªç¶ãªéå±é¢ããããŠç®ç«ã€ã¯ã©ãŒãã®éæé·ãæå°éã§ããç¶æ ã§ç€ºããŸãããããªã¯ã¹äžã«è€æ°ã®æ¯è»ãããã1ã€ã®èŠç¹ããèŠããå Žåã¯ç¹ã«æãŸããŸããäž»ã«å·šå€§ãªããŒã³ã¯ãã€ãã§æ§æãããããŒã¹ã¯æŽå²çã«ã¯è峿·±ãã§ãããéãé²åºçµæ¶ããªãéãã¯ããŸãæãŸãããããŸããã
çã® Herodsfoot âLookâ ã¯ãéåžžãæãæ¯è»çµæ¶ãã¯ã©ãŒãåºè³ªãå€ã patinaããããŠ19äžçŽã®åºèªå±¥æŽãçµã¿åããããã®ã§ããçŸä»£ã®ã©ãã«ãä»ããæšæ¬ã§ãæŽå²ããªãå Žåã«ã¯çå®ã§ããå¯èœæ§ã¯ãããŸãããå€ãã©ãã«ã¯å€ãã®ç£å°ãããããã§ã¯éèŠã§ããHerodsfoot ã®ã¯ã©ã·ãã¯ãªçç£ã¯é·ãæã«çµãã£ãŠãããç±æ¥ã¯ç§åŠç䟡å€ãšåžå ŽäŸ¡å€ã®äž¡æ¹ã®äžéšã§ãã## Collector Notes
Herodsfoot bournonite is scarce on the market, and fine specimens are genuinely rare. Ordinary examples appear occasionally as miniatures with one or more partial cogwheels, often with quartz. Strong miniatures and small cabinet specimens with sharp main crystals are expensive; top historic pieces are museum-grade and may pass privately rather than appear in routine dealer inventory. The locality has enough name recognition that even damaged or partly concealed examples can command strong interest if the crystallography is evident.
The main authenticity concern is not a flood of fabricated Herodsfoot fakes, but the mixture of age, value, and fragility. Bournonite has low hardness, brittle tenacity, and vulnerable projecting edges. Reattached wheels, repaired matrix, glued contacts, and old restorations are all plausible. A good repair is acceptable if disclosed, but it should be priced accordingly. Check under magnification for glossy glue lines, mismatched striations across a break, suspiciously clean contact points, and matrix that does not visually or mineralogically belong.
Be alert for assembled âmarriages,â especially single bournonite crystals or broken wheels mounted on unrelated quartz. Natural Herodsfoot specimens usually show believable contact relationships: quartz growing around the bournonite, bournonite partly embedded in quartz, or crystals emerging from a coherent sulphide-rich matrix. A crystal perched on a matrix surface with a narrow, shiny, uniform junction deserves close scrutiny.
Condition issues are common. Edge bruising on cogwheel teeth, broken terminations, scuffed metallic faces, and quartz overgrowth hiding part of the crystal are normal realities of the locality. Do not reject every imperfect piece; instead, judge whether the main display face carries the specimen. A Herodsfoot bournonite can have peripheral damage and still be important if the principal wheel is sharp and the damage is not visible from the intended display angle.
Chemical cleaning can harm bournonite. Aggressive acid work may dull metallic luster, leave granular or etched faces, or produce an unnatural contrast between stripped matrix and tired sulphosalt. The best Herodsfoot pieces retain an old, integrated surface: not dirty in the careless sense, but naturally patinated and visually coherent.
Labels and provenance are unusually important. Names such as Richard Talling, Ludlam, British Museum/Natural History Museum, Royal Institution of Cornwall, Albert Chapman, George Elling, Richard Kosnar, Malcolm Southwood, or other documented collections can materially affect value. If a specimen is represented as a 19th-century Herodsfoot piece, ask for images of labels, accession numbers, publication references, or prior sale records. For a high-value purchase, provenance should be treated as part of the specimen, not as decoration.## Stories & Field Notes
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çŸä»£ã®ãã³ãæã§ããã倧ããªç©èªã®çž®å°çãèªã£ãŠããã2012幎ã®ããŒã¹ã»ããããºãããé±å±±ã®æçš¿ã«ã¯ãçŽ20ããã°ã©ã ã®ç³è±æšæ¬ãæãããŠãããéæã¿ã®ç¡¬ãç· ãŸã£ãç³è±ã§ãæç°è²ã®é±ç©ãšããŠç³ç°é瀬éé±ïŒãã«ããã€ãïŒãšèç¶ã®é»éé±ãå«ãŸããŠãããæšæ¬ç®±ã«ã¯ããã倧ããããããšèšãããŠãããããã¯åç©é€šã®æ¯è»ã§ã¯ãªããããã®å Žæãå°äžãžãšåŒãæ»ãçŸå Žã®çްéšãã®ãã®ã§ããïŒæåãªçš®ã¯çœãç³è±ã®å®ç§ãªæ¯è»ãšããŠçãŸããã ãã§ãªããã³ãŒã³è«žå³¶ã®é±èããéã³åºãããéãé åºã§ç¡«åç©ã«å¯ãèç¶ç©ã§ããã£ãã## é±ç©åŠçèšé²ãšåºçç©- Starkey, Roy E. (2012). âThe Herodsfoot mine, Lanreath, Cornwall, England.â The Mineralogical Record, 43(4), 411â486. å°è³ªåŠççŸä»£ã«ãããæ¬ mine ã®äž»èŠ monographãæŽå²ãé±ç©åŠãæšæ¬ããã㊠Richard Talling ã®åœ¹å²ã«ã€ããŠã
The Mineralogical Record back issue: Vol. 43, No. 4, JulyâAugust 2012. Starkey ã® 76 ããŒãžã® Herodsfoot èšäºãåé²ããå·ã®åºç瀟ããŒãžã
Mindat occurrence record: Bournonite from Herodsfoot Mine, Lanreath, Cornwall, England, UK. äžççæ°Žæºã® bournonite ãšããŠã®èšé²ãç³è±äžã®çµæ¶ãæå€§ 11 cmãæ¯è»ç¶çµæ¶æå€§ 6 cmã
Mindat locality page: Herodsfoot Mine (North Herodsfoot Mine), Lanreath, Cornwall, England, UK. æ¢é±å°ç¹ã®åº§æšãé±ç©ãªã¹ããåèæç®ããããŠå»é±ã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹æ³šæã
BGS memoir: Plymouth and south-east Cornwall area, memoir for sheet 348. HerodsfootãMenheniotãBere Alston ã®é-éã®ã¯ãã¹ã³ãŒã¹èç³»ã«é¢ããå°è³ªçèæ¯ã
Knight, H., Deady, Ã., Gunn, A. G., Moore, K., and Naden, J. (2016). âOre fluid characteristics of antimony deposits in South West England: New insights into ore genesis in Wadebridge-Port Isaac and Herodsfoot.â Applied Earth Science, 125(2). Herodsfoot ãå西ã€ã³ã°ã©ã³ãã®ç çŽ é±åã®æèã«äœçœ®ã¥ããæè¡çç ç©¶ã
Deady, E., Moore, K., and Goodenough, K. (2021). âInsights into the sources of antimony mineralisation associated with base metal epithermal deposits in SW England.â Goldschmidt 2021 Abstract. Herodsfoot ã Pb-Ag-Zn-Sb ã®ãšãã¿ãŒã é±åºãšããŠãéäºéé±ããã³æ¹è§£ç³ã䌎ã bournonite ãš tetrahedrite ã«èšåã
MDSG 2016 Programme and Abstracts: âThe Key to Understanding Antimony Mineralisation in South West Englandâthe North Herodsfoot Mine?â Herodsfoot ã®èæŽãšé«å¡©åºŠã»äœæž©ãã©ã€ã³ãµã®æµäœå èµã®ããŒã¿ãå«ãã
Hall, Townshend M. (1868). The Mineralogistâs Directory. Mindat reference page. 19äžçŽã® locality referencesãHerodsfoot ã®é±ç©ãšã㊠bournoniteããã©ã€ããé»éé±ãæ¹éé±ãé»éé±ãtetrahedrite-ãµãã°ã«ãŒãææãå«ãé±ç©ãèšé²ã
Embrey, P. G. and Symes, R. F. (1987). Minerals of Cornwall and Devon. British Museum (Natural History) / Mineralogical Record Inc. ã³ãŒã³ãŠã©ãŒã«ããã³ããã³ã®é±ç©ã®æšæºçåç §ãšããŠé »ç¹ã«åŒçšãããè³æã§ãHerodsfoot ã®å€å žç㪠bournonite ãå«ãã
Australian Museum specimen D.50188: âBournonite with quartz.â ã¢ã«ããŒãã»ãã£ãããã³æèµã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³æšæ¬ãããããºãããç£ããµã€ãº 6.5 x 9 x 5 cmã1858幎ãã1868幎ã®éã«ãªãã£ãŒãã»ã¿ãªã³ã°ãæ¡éããã€ãŠå€§è±åç©é€šæèµã
Virtual Microscope / Royal Cornwall Museum specimen TRURI:801.908: Bournonite. ãã€ã€ã«ã»ã€ã³ã¹ãã£ãã¥ãŒãã»ãªãã»ã³ãŒã³ãŠã©ãŒã«æšæ¬ããããã1858幎12æã«ãªãã£ãŒãã»ã¿ãªã³ã°ããè³Œå ¥ã
EarthWonders èšé² Natural History Museum æšæ¬ BM13735 ã® The Mineralogical Record æ²èŒå³çãšããŠã ã«ãã©ã ã»ã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³æšæ¬ã®æ°Žæ¶ãæ¹éé±ã«çœ®æãããæ¹éé±ã«çœ®æãããæ¹è§£ç³ãå«ãããã³ãªãŒã»ã«ãã©ã ããªãã£ãŒãã»ã¿ãªã³ã°ããè³Œå ¥ã
Mineralogical Record ç¹å¥è£éºãIkons: Classic and Contemporary Masterpieces (2007)ãããããºãããã®ããŒã³ãã€ãé ã TallingãNeville CollectionãBritish MuseumãEric AsselbornãWayne ThompsonãRob LavinskyãRob Lavinsky Collection ã® provenance ãå«ãã12 cm ã®ããããºãããã»ããŒã³ãã€ãã«ã€ããŠè«ããã## Videos & Media
DMB2439 BOURNONITE, Herodsfoot Mine, CORNWALL, UK â Crystal Classics. A specimen video of a Herodsfoot bournonite offered through Crystal Classics. URL: https://vimeo.com/1117829496
Virtual Microscope: Bournonite â The Open University / Cornish Mineral Heritage. Interactive object and microscope resource for a Royal Cornwall Museum Herodsfoot bournonite specimen. URL: https://www.virtualmicroscope.org/content/bournonite
Wikimedia Commons: Category Herodsfoot Mine â Wikimedia Commons contributors. Open media category containing Herodsfoot bournonite, bournonite-quartz, tetrahedrite, chalcopyrite, and locality images. URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Herodsfoot_Mine